Understanding mobile heterogeneity is the holy grail of biology and drugs. Cells harboring an identical genomes present all kinds of behaviors in multicellular organisms. Genetic circuits underlying cell-type identities will facilitate the understanding of the regulatory applications for differentiation and upkeep of distinct mobile states. Such a cell-type-specific gene community may be inferred from coregulatory patterns throughout particular person cells.
Standard strategies of transcriptome profiling utilizing tissue samples present solely common alerts of various cell sorts. Subsequently, reconstructing gene regulatory networks for a selected cell kind is just not possible with tissue-based transcriptome knowledge. Just lately, single-cell omics know-how has emerged and enabled the seize of the transcriptomic panorama of each particular person cell. Though single-cell gene expression research have already opened up new avenues, community biology utilizing single-cell transcriptome knowledge will additional speed up our understanding of mobile heterogeneity. On this evaluate, we offer an outline of single-cell community biology and summarize latest progress in technique growth for community inference from single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) knowledge.
Then, we describe how cell-type-specific gene networks may be utilized to review regulatory applications particular to disease-associated cell sorts and mobile states. Furthermore, with scRNA knowledge, modeling private or patient-specific gene networks is possible. Subsequently, we additionally introduce potential purposes of single-cell community biology for precision drugs. We envision a speedy paradigm shift towards single-cell community evaluation for methods biology within the close to future. Mobile dishonest resulting in cancers exists in all branches of multicellular life, favoring the evolution of diversifications to keep away from or suppress malignant development, and/or to alleviate its health penalties. Ecologists have till not too long ago largely uncared for the significance of most cancers cells for animal ecology, presumably as a result of they didn’t contemplate both the potential ecological or evolutionary penalties of anticancer diversifications. Right here, we evaluate the various methods wherein the evolution of anticancer diversifications has considerably constrained a number of points of the evolutionary ecology of multicellular organisms on the cell, particular person, inhabitants, species, and ecosystem ranges and recommend some avenues for future analysis.
Classification of Adjustments within the Fecal Microbiota Related to Colonic Adenomatous Polyps Utilizing a Lengthy-Learn Sequencing Platform
The microbiota is the group of microorganisms that colonizes the oral cavity, respiratory tract, and intestine of multicellular organisms. The microbiota exerts manifold physiological and pathological impacts on the organism it inhabits. A rising physique of consideration is being paid to host-microbiota interaction, which is extremely related to the event of carcinogenesis. Adenomatous polyps are thought-about a typical hallmark of colorectal most cancers, the second main reason for carcinogenesis-mediated dying worldwide.
On this examine, we examined the relevance between focused operational taxonomic models and colonic polyps utilizing short- and long-read sequencing platforms. The intestine microbiota was assessed in 132 medical topics, together with 53 wholesome members, 36 sufferers with occult blood within the intestine, and 43 circumstances with adenomatous polyps. An elevation within the relative abundance of Klebsiella pneumonia, Fusobacterium varium, and Fusobacterium mortiferum was recognized in sufferers with adenomatous polyps in contrast with the opposite teams utilizing long-read sequencing workflow. In distinction, the comparatively excessive abundances of Blautia luti, Bacteroides plebeius, and Prevotella copri have been characterised within the wholesome teams.
The variations in intestine microbiota communities have been comparable in all recruited samples. These outcomes indicated that alterations in intestine microbiota have been attribute of members with adenomatous polyps, which is likely to be related to the additional growth of CRC. These findings present a possible contribution to the early prediction and interception of CRC incidence.
Put up-translational modifications of the ligands: Requirement for TAM receptor activation
The Tyro3, Axl, and MerTK (TAM) receptors are three homologous Sort I Receptor Tyrosine Kinases which have vital homeostatic features in multicellular organisms by regulating the clearance of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis). Pathologically, TAM receptors are overexpressed in a wide selection of human cancers, and infrequently related to aggressive tumor grade and poor general survival. Along with their expression on tumor cells, TAMs are additionally expressed on infiltrating myeloid-derived cells within the tumor microenvironment, the place they seem to behave akin to unfavourable immune checkpoints that impair host anti-tumor immunity.
The ligands for TAMs are two endogenous proteins, Progress Arrest-Particular 6 (Gas6) and Protein S (Pros1), that perform as bridging molecules between externalized phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) on apoptotic cells and the TAM ectodomains. One attention-grabbing characteristic of TAMs biology is that their ligand proteins require particular post-translational modifications to accumulate actions. This chapter summarized these vital modifications and defined the molecular mechanisms behind such phenomenon. Present evidences recommend that these modifications assist Gas6/Pros1 to realize optimum PtdSer-binding capacities.
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody |
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| 20-abx130140 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody |
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| 20-abx104789 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody |
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| 20-abx102355 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody |
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| 20-abx102356 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody |
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| 20-abx102357 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody |
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| 20-abx102358 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody |
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| 20-abx102359 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody |
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| 20-abx102360 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody |
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| 20-abx176352 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody |
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| 20-abx172320 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody |
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| 20-abx172321 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody |
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| 20-abx270037 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody |
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| 20-abx270229 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody |
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| abx430025-200ul | Abbexa | 200 ul | EUR 460.8 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody (PE) |
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| 20-abx270799 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody (PE) |
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| 20-abx270991 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody (APC) |
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| 20-abx270759 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody (APC) |
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| 20-abx270567 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody Pair |
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| abx117346-1pair5x96wellplates | Abbexa | 1 pair (5x96 well plates) | EUR 1212 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody (FITC) |
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| 20-abx270335 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody (FITC) |
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| 20-abx273863 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody (FITC) |
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| 20-abx274177 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody (FITC) |
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| 20-abx270527 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody Pair |
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| 20-abx370099 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody (Biotin) |
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| 20-abx271895 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody (Biotin) |
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| 20-abx272642 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Antibody (Biotin) |
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| 20-abx273127 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| abx129724-100l | Abbexa | 100 µl | EUR 212.5 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| 20-abx129724 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| abx129724-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 475 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| abx129724-200l | Abbexa | 200 µl | EUR 250 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| abx103238-100l | Abbexa | 100 µl | EUR 212.5 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| 20-abx103238 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| abx103238-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 475 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| abx103238-200l | Abbexa | 200 µl | EUR 250 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| abx103239-100l | Abbexa | 100 µl | EUR 212.5 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| 20-abx103239 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| abx103239-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 475 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| abx103239-200l | Abbexa | 200 µl | EUR 250 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| abx103240-100l | Abbexa | 100 µl | EUR 262.5 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| 20-abx103240 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| abx103240-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 725 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| abx103240-200l | Abbexa | 200 µl | EUR 337.5 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| abx103241-100l | Abbexa | 100 µl | EUR 300 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| 20-abx103241 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| abx103241-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 875 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| abx103241-200l | Abbexa | 200 µl | EUR 375 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| 20-abx176353 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| abx176354-1096tests | Abbexa | 10 × 96 tests | EUR 812.5 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| 20-abx176354 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| abx176354-596tests | Abbexa | 5 × 96 tests | EUR 362.5 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| abx176354-96tests | Abbexa | 96 tests | EUR 287.5 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| abx172322-100l | Abbexa | 100 µl | EUR 625 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| 20-abx172322 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| abx172322-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | Ask for price |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| abx172322-200l | Abbexa | 200 µl | Ask for price |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| 20-abx270062 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| abx270062-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 387.5 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| abx270062-200l | Abbexa | 200 µl | EUR 275 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| 20-abx270167 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| abx270167-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 425 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody |
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| abx270167-200l | Abbexa | 200 µl | EUR 300 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| CAU28926-100ul | Biomatik Corporation | 100ul | EUR 224.6 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| CAU28926-200ul | Biomatik Corporation | 200ul | EUR 280.6 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| CAU28927-100ul | Biomatik Corporation | 100ul | EUR 204.5 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| CAU28927-200ul | Biomatik Corporation | 200ul | EUR 255.4 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| CAU28928-100ul | Biomatik Corporation | 100ul | EUR 204.5 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| CAU28928-200ul | Biomatik Corporation | 200ul | EUR 255.4 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| CAU28929-100ul | Biomatik Corporation | 100ul | EUR 204.5 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| CAU28929-200ul | Biomatik Corporation | 200ul | EUR 255.4 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| CAU28930-100ul | Biomatik Corporation | 100ul | EUR 254.4 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| CAU28930-200ul | Biomatik Corporation | 200ul | EUR 317.5 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| CAU28931-100ul | Biomatik Corporation | 100ul | EUR 193.9 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| CAU28931-200ul | Biomatik Corporation | 200ul | EUR 241.9 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| CAU28932-100ul | Biomatik Corporation | 100ul | EUR 193.9 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| CAU28932-200ul | Biomatik Corporation | 200ul | EUR 241.9 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| CAU28933-100ul | Biomatik Corporation | 100ul | EUR 188.2 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| CAU28933-200ul | Biomatik Corporation | 200ul | EUR 235.2 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| CAU28934-100ul | Biomatik Corporation | 100ul | EUR 188.2 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| CAU28934-200ul | Biomatik Corporation | 200ul | EUR 235.2 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| CAU28935-100ul | Biomatik Corporation | 100ul | EUR 188.2 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| CAU28935-200ul | Biomatik Corporation | 200ul | EUR 235.2 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| CAU28936-100ul | Biomatik Corporation | 100ul | EUR 254.4 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| CAU28936-200ul | Biomatik Corporation | 200ul | EUR 317.5 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Monoclonal Antibody |
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| CAU30571-100ul | Biomatik Corporation | 100ul | EUR 217.9 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Monoclonal Antibody |
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| CAU30571-200ul | Biomatik Corporation | 200ul | EUR 272.2 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| MBS2032646-01mL | MyBiosource | 0.1mL | EUR 170 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| MBS2032646-02mL | MyBiosource | 0.2mL | EUR 215 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| MBS2032646-05mL | MyBiosource | 0.5mL | EUR 340 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| MBS2032646-1mL | MyBiosource | 1mL | EUR 415 |
Factor Related Apoptosis (FAS) Polyclonal Antibody |
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| MBS2032646-5mL | MyBiosource | 5mL | EUR 1135 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody (PE) |
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| 20-abx270824 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody (PE) |
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| abx270824-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 1125 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody (PE) |
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| abx270824-200l | Abbexa | 200 µl | EUR 687.5 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody (PE) |
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| 20-abx270929 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody (PE) |
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| abx270929-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 1125 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody (PE) |
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| abx270929-200l | Abbexa | 200 µl | EUR 687.5 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody (APC) |
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| 20-abx270592 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody (APC) |
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| abx270592-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 1312.5 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody (APC) |
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| abx270592-200l | Abbexa | 200 µl | EUR 800 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody (APC) |
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| 20-abx270697 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody (APC) |
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| abx270697-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 1312.5 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody (APC) |
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| abx270697-200l | Abbexa | 200 µl | EUR 800 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody (FITC) |
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| 20-abx270360 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody (FITC) |
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| abx270360-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 912.5 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody (FITC) |
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| abx270360-200l | Abbexa | 200 µl | EUR 575 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody (FITC) |
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| abx274189-05ml | Abbexa | 0.5 ml | EUR 487.5 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody (FITC) |
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| 20-abx274189 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody (FITC) |
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| 20-abx270465 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody (FITC) |
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| abx270465-1ml | Abbexa | 1 ml | EUR 912.5 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody (FITC) |
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| abx270465-200l | Abbexa | 200 µl | EUR 575 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody Pair |
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| abx370039-100g | Abbexa | 100 µg | EUR 975 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody Pair |
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| 20-abx370039 | Abbexa |
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Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody Pair |
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| abx370239-100g | Abbexa | 100 µg | EUR 975 |
Factor Related Apoptosis Ligand (FASL) Antibody Pair |
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| 20-abx370239 | Abbexa |
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As well as, this chapter included latest discovery of regulating machineries of PtdSer dynamic throughout the plasma membrane, in addition to their potential impacts within the tumor microenvironment. Taken collectively, this evaluate highlights the significance of the upstream PtdSer and Gas6 in regulating TAMs’ perform and hope to offer researchers with new views to encourage future research of TAM receptors in human illness fashions.
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